I've recently discovered that I'm dyslexic (at age 26) and am starting out in programming, studying a software engineering degree at university (after previously dropping out of a civil engineering degree at the same university in the final year when the course became assignment/report heavy - I now understand why).
I've been reading a lot (at my slow pace) as to what dyslexia is and why/how/where it affects us and I believe I can explain why we can still program well, despite how text heavy it is.
Dyslexic process their thoughts in pictures (well not pictures like on the wall, more like 3d video where you can move the camera and thus it's point of view around, I think of it as an internal world where I have the powers of 'god' (geez that sounds egotistical but I don't mean it that way) ie; I can instantly change everything about it with my thoughts.
Anyway, we can process words just fine, so long as we can firmly anchor/tether those words to an 'image', words like cat, hat, hit, run, jump, vertical, fluffy, hard etc are no problem at all, we can easily 'picture' what that is, the words we trip over are things like 'are' 'to' 'the' 'a' things where if someone asked you to draw that word (not write the word, actually draw a picture of it) you wouldn't know where to start.
In programming there are no such words, they all refer to either a process or an object, once we've learnt what the object or process is and our minds have formed a visualisation of it we're away. This site does a good job of explaining what I'm on about:
http://www.davisdyslexia.com/disorientation.html#tricky
BTW if trying to read the bold text in the middle of the page BEFORE running the mouse over it makes you dizzy or feel weird and you have trouble getting threw it, you might well be dyslexic. I've gotta push forwards threw the sentences to their end before i can make any sense of what's being described, i feel dizzy when reading it too.
One thing I'm struggling with is explaining to my math lecturer that I need real examples and not general solutions to learn, when he talks about a n by n
matrix I can't picture a thing, I need to work with a 3x3 or 4x4 and then I can transfer the learnings/processes to all sizes of matrices. He remains adamant that general solutions are the only way for what he calls 'true' learning sigh.