Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunications protocol used for resolution of network layer addresses into link layer addresses
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunications protocol used for resolution of network layer addresses into link layer addresses, a critical function in multiple-access networks. ARP was defined by RFC 826 in 1982. It is Internet Standard STD 37. It is also the name of the program for manipulating these addresses in most operating systems.
(source: Wikipedia)