Please excuse the noobness.
What is the process a lone (or few) individual can send an HDL design off to a fab (tools, file formats, potential fabs)? I have played around with FPGAs but I'm curious how can I integrate them onto hobby circuits or add them to a PCB design. It seems like they would be impossible to hand solder so there must be a service for this.
I have read a bit about super low level optimization such as tuning transistor sizes and arranging transistors by hand but I don't know the process one would take to do this? Is there a standard format of interchange that one could use to specify such things to a fab completely.
I have searched the googles already. There is either nothing answering my specific question or I just don't know the proper search terms.
EDIT: Somehow my question is too broad. New version -> What manufacturers/process could one use to take a design prototyped on an FPGA and turn it into a standalone chip?