If you want the braking effect over a larger distance, the coil needs have a larger area but, the problem that arises is that the flux from the moving magnet is concentrated in a fraction of the static coil's aperture area and, braking would tend to be less effective. Scale this problem up and you might see what I mean.
It boils down to the induced voltage in the static coil and, how much current will circulate due to that coil being shorted and, in return, how much "counter-magnetism" is produced by that coil current in the vicinity of the magnet.
With a larger diameter, the coil's counter magnetism is produced over the whole of its larger aperture and therefore, the flux density is diminished in all areas. The total flux would probably be the same but, it's a bigger area hence, the flux density (the thing that is trying to "fight" the magnet) is smaller in the magnet's vicinity.
This is of less consequence for the solid conducting sheet (even if the resistance does grow somewhat due to it thinning out).
The question is, for a given mass of copper which is more effective -
coil or slab?
My money is on the slab of copper. But, if coil area and magnet are about the same size, then there won't be much difference.