Is a Schottky diode's voltage drop about 0.3V?
Can't be said in general: your diode only has a voltage drop if there's current flowing through it, and what current leads to which drop depends on the diode!
Now my supply is +-2.85V, would it be correct to lower the supply for the op-amp with a diode?
So, until current starts flowing, the opamp will be exposed to overvoltage, which might or might not cause an excessive current flow through some internal circuitry.
So, you'd need
- a specific diode's datasheet with which you can deduce the voltage drop given a current,
- an opamp datasheet that at least suggests how much current can be safely injected in an overvoltage situation.
Would it be OK or there is a better way?
Simply use any of the many opamps that have a larger supply voltage range.