As The Photon says, Gray and Meyer is the go-to reference for analog, but IMO it's a hard nut to crack if you're just starting out. You probably want an intermediate text, and any text that's used at a university with a respectable engineering program is a likely choice. The standard, which I have no experience with, is probably Sedra & Smith. The class I took used Howe & Sodini, which has mixed reviews, but I thought it was a reasonably good book at the time. It covers the basic analog building blocks and has some device physics, and though I have no direct experience with other texts in this category, they should all cover the same ground.
[A personal preference: Depending on your learning style, you may want to consider getting several books. By getting older editions (big-picture analog concepts don't really change) you can end up spending less money overall, and get multiple takes on the subject.]
Also consider using lecture materials from courses posted on the web, such as those at MIT (6.012, 6.301) and UC Berkeley (EE105, EE140, EE240).
Possible intermediate texts, culled from syllabi:
- Howe and Sodini, Microelectronics: an Integrated Approach
- Sedra and Smith, Microelectronic Circuits
- Jaeger, Microelectronic Circuit Design
- Horenstein, Microelectronic Circuits and Devices
- Spencer and Ghausi, Introduction to Electronic Circuit Design
- Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics
- Neamen, Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design